Lead toxicity and Spermine as affecting the Chemical Composition and Growth of Solidago canadensis L. cv. ʽTaraʼ plant

AbstractSolidago canadensis L. cv. ʽTaraʼ as important flower production and traditional medicine. Heavy metals such lead (Pb) have harmful effects on ornamental plants. So, this study aimed to reduce the toxic effect of Pb Solidago plant through spermine(SPM) application. Plants were grown in treated soils with different levels (0, 400, 800 ppm) sprayed spermine at 0, 1 2 mM. Plant height, leaf number, total area, stem diameter, number inflorescences, length inflorescences stem, fresh & dry weights shoot, root flowering period recorded growth characters. Photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzymes, sugars, soluble phenols, free amino acids, proline, minerals (N, P, K, Pb) protein chemical contents. Results showed that ppm resulted lowest values for most tested characteristics, but increased level shoots roots. Spermine treatments especially 2mM highly significant characteristics under conditions, except concentration reduction compared control. provided evidence minimized adverse stress could play an essential role providing tolerance.